Conduit with branch applied against spot face of headers



April 28, 1953 H. P. SCHANE. ETAL CONDUIT WITH BRANCH APPLIED AGAINST SPOT FACE OF HEADERS Fil ed Nov. 24, 194'7 IIIIII)IIII IIII III'IIIJ/lr'lll'lt'llllll' Patented Apr. 28, 1953 CONDUIT WITH BRANCH APPLIED AGAINST SPOT FACE OF HEADERS Harry P. Schane, West View, and Benjamin E.

Fiddler, Pittsburgh, Pa., assignors to Allis- Chalmers Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Delaware Application November 24, 1947, Serial No. 787,694

1 Claim. (01. 285-106) This invention relates in general to tubular conduits and particularly to branched conduits and to a method of fabricating and assembling tubular member joint connections.

In prior art it has been considered necessary to shape each of the several sections of pipe to be joined when fabricating conduit. Several cutting operations have been required on each pipe. One method has been to form a V-shaped opening in the wall section of one pipe. Then the end of the adjoining pipe must be out to form an intersecting V to fit into the opening of the first pipe. Other methods such as cutting a hole in the first pipe and inserting the end of the second pipe therein cannot be used whenv the two pipes,

are of the same diameter.

It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a joint construction for tubular conduits involving a minimum of simple machining operations.

Another object of the invention is to reduce to a minimum the amount of material to be machined off in the construction of joined conduits.

The aforementioned objects are preferably accomplished in the following manner. Spot facing a wall section of a pipe and abutting the" end of a second pipe against the spot face. The two pipes are then welded along the line of intersection of the surfaces of first and second pipes.

The invention is disclosed in the embodiments thereof shown in the accompanying drawing. A thorough understanding of the nature and objects of the invention maybe had from the following detailed description when read in connec- The defects inherent in prior art, some of which have been enumerated, are avoided in construction of conduit in accordance with the invention which is now described.

Fig. 1 illustrates-a type of conduit comprising acylindrical member bent to form two header sections and an interconnecting tube, the header sections being further interconnected by one or more branch pipes. This may be used for different purposes, as for heat exchange radiators for transformers as shown in Fig. 1.

Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, the wall of the cylindrical member It serving as a header is cut to form a lateral aperture I2, and horizontal plane sections l3 are formed adjacent the aperture in the wall of the header. Thus a recess I4 is formed in the wall of the header. Thisrecess may be formed by one simple operation, such as spot facing or milling. The cutting operation may be such as to form a recess contained between cylindrical sectional surfaces 1 5 in the wall of the .header, as shown, or as to make a recess contained between plane sectional surfaces in the wall of the header. The horizontal contour l6 of the base of the recess will vary depending upon the desired width of the aperture and upon the diameter of the end section of the branch pipe to be inserted in the recess.

Figs. 6 and 7 show two views of a branch pipe ill of whichthere may be one or several joined to the header. The diameter of pipe I8 is such that it is necessary to form the end section I1 thereof to a contour conforming to the contour L of the spotface. The ends of the pipe may be shaped by any desired method. One method has been to insert a special die into the pipe at the I end'a'nd to apply a predetermined pressure to the Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a conduit taken on line II-II in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a conduit taken on line IIIIII of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view of a portion of the header pipe cut in accordance with the teachdieythus shaping the end section as shown in The wall sections adjoining the circular sides flare outwardly.

It is necessary to deform the end section of the branch pipe when the two adjoined pipes are cylindrical and of substantially the same diameter or the diameter of the spot face is larger than the diameter of the branch pipe.

The branch pipe may, however, have a uniform cross-section matching the contour of the base of the spot face and then need not be deformed at the ends. In particular, when the branch pipe is of smaller diameter than the header, the contour of the spot face may be circular and have the same diameter as the branch pipe, which need not be deformed. Fig. 8 shows such an embodiment.

When the branch pipe has an elongated end section to match an elongated spot face of the associated header, it is preferred to insert the end section in the recess of the header in such a position that the contour of the pipe end section is angular-1y displaced from the :con'tounof the spot face. The wall of the branch pipe then is out of contact with the sectional surfaces of the header defining the recess. Then while maintaining contact between .the end :section of the branch pipe and the spot face 'o'ffthe header, the branch pipe is turned until wedged between the sectional surfaces of the header.

After the two pipes are assembled, the, end of the branch pipe against the spot face ,:of the header as shown in Fig. 2, thepipes are united in fluid tight relation by a head of Weldtmetal 22 deposited along the line of intersection .of the surfaces of the two pipes.

It is evident from the foregoing that anew pipe joint construction is-provided which ,is

simple 'andimay be assembled at a *very low I cost.

A material reduction in the waste of material to a header to form the conduit construction. Only one cutting operation is necessary on the header and that is much simpler-and requires has been accomplished. Cutting operations "are no longer required on branch' p'ipesto be joined less handling of either the material or 'the =cut- H ting tool. The branch pipe members require at the most only one quick and simple forming operation. The welding is simplified'in'thatthe several members are self-held by being wedged.

In addition the length of the head :of "weld is reduced.

The uses for the described structure aremanifold and obvious to those skilled in thear't. The

. departing from the scope of the invention. It is intended that the above description and the accompanying drawing should .be "considered .;as only illustrative. The invention is defined ,by the scope of the appended claim.

.It .is claimed anddesired to .secnre'hy Letters Patent:

A conduit comprising :a cylindrical pipe and a.

tube, one end of said pipe .havin gta continuous- ,dat annular surface disposed 190 $011116 axis .of

:said pipe, said surface having a .contour .con-

.sisting of two opposite straight parallel edges-lot same .length extending side by :side and jtwoo,

opposite curved edges having a-radius substantially extending from the jlongitudinalxaxis .iof said pipe, the end portion of saidpipe comprising .fiat wall portions extending awayfrom-saidend parallel edges and diverging toward and merging with the cylindrical part of said pipe, and curved wallportions having substantially the same curvature as said end curved edges extending away from said end curved edges and converging toward "and merging with the -cyilindrical part of said pipe, said tube having a recessed opening disposed therein with the walls of said recessed opening forming a pair of coplanar surfaces paraliel'to the'axis of said tube and two opposite elieved-walls of said recessed opening having a radius substantially extending from the longi tudinal axis of said pipe which is normal to the longitudinal axis of said tube, said coplanar surfaces .each having a contour consisting of two opposite straight edges extending side by side paralleltothe 'aX-isof said tube and two opposite curved edges substantially transverse to said tube axis which also constitute the bottom edges of said curved walls, the length of said opposite straight edges being greater than the distance 'betw.een:said opposite straight edges, said-tube and said 'pipe'abutted together with s 'ldopposite .straight parallel edges of said continuous fiat surfaceof said pipe in substantially flat contact with .said parallel. coplanar surfaces of said recessed opening, said contours in substantial coincidenceandsaid curved walls of said recess in contact with the. outer curved sides of said pipe adjacent the end of said pipe, and :a bead of weld ..metal applied externally along the intensection of .the outer surfaces of said pipe and :said tube to fastensaidpipe to said tube.

.HARRY iP. JS'CI-IAlllii.

BENJAMIN E. IF'IDDLER.

References cites the file or this patent UNITED, STATES .YPATEN'IS Number Name Date 603,244 Avery 'May '13, 1898 i1','02 4,830 Cook Apr. 30, 19.12 1,220,770 'Murray Mar. 27,1917 1,226,128 Sonneborn .May 15, l9l7 .1 ,'526 ,77l .Burnham Feb. '17, 1925 "3,,9'504947' Mulroyan Mar. '13, 1934 '.2 ,',l13,060 Sandberg 5, "1933 .;2;l.26;5l9 "Vogel Aug. .9, 1938 241145213 Green "Sept. 26, .1939 211839.43 .Kerr .7 Dec. 12, 1939 '2',3fi8;39l Young Jan. 3'0, 1945 .2,.4 48 ;32'9 .Schwinn .Aug. 31, 1948 $565743 :Evans Mar. '15, 1949 12,595,320 Witte May .13, 1 952 FOREIGN (PATENTS Number Country Date Great Britain Mar. 112, 1935 

